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Classification of Skull Base Defects
| Spontaneous |
| • Congenital |
| • Idiopathic |
| Acquired |
| • Nontraumatic |
| Chronic otitis media |
| With cholesteatoma |
| Without cholesteatoma |
| Neoplastic |
| Miscellaneous |
| • Iatrogenic |
| Surgical |
| Irradiation |
| • Traumatic (blunt, penetrating) |
