Table 2 Medical treatment and clinical characteristics of the SLE cases with NHL and the controls and the relative risk of lymphoma.
| SLE patients with NHL n = 16 (%) | SLE patients: controls n = 26 (%) | RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oral glucocorticosteroids | 16 (100) | 26 (100) | |
| Cytotoxic agents | 7 (43) | 10 (38) | 1.1 (0.5, 2,5) |
| Azathioprine | 5 (31) | 9 (35) | 0.9 (0.4, 2.1) |
| Cyclophosphamide | 2 (12) | 3 (12) | 1.1 (0.3, 3.3) |
| Malar rash | 3 (19) | 7 (27) | 0.7 (0.3, 2.1) |
| Discoid rash | 1 (6) | 4 (15) | 0.5 (0.1, 3.0) |
| Photosensitivity | 6 (38) | 7 (27) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.9) |
| Oral ulcers | 3 (19) | 1 (4) | 2.2 (1.1, 4.5) |
| Sicca symptoms and/or salivary‐gland swellings | 5 (31) | 1 (4) | 2.7 (1.5, 5.0) |
| Arthritis | 13 (81) | 21 (81) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.7) |
| Pleuritis | 12 (75) | 18 (69) | 1.2 (0.5, 3.0) |
| Recurrent pneumonias and/or pulmonary infiltrates | 7 (43) | 3 (12) | 2.5 (1.3, 4.9) |
| Pericarditis | 6 (38) | 4 (15) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.9) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 2 (12) | 6 (23) | 0.6 (0.2, 2.2) |
| Epilepsia, psychosis, CNS vasculitis | – (0) | 5 (19) | |
| Leucopenia | 13 (81) | 17 (65) | 1.7 (0.6, 5.0) |
| Thrombocytopenia | 5 (31) | 10 (38) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.9) |
| Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia | 4 (25) | – (0) | 3.2 (2.0, 5.0) |
| ANA | 14 (88) | 24 (92) | 0.7 (0.3, 2.1) |
| DNA | 4 (25) | 16 (62) | 0.4 (0.1, 1.0) |
| SS‐A and/or SS‐B | 4 (25) | 2 (8) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.1) |
| Elevated IgG | 9 (56) | 12 (46) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.8) |
| Coombs test positive | 3 (19) | 1 (4) | 2.2 (1.1, 4.5) |
| Complement disorder | 4 (25) | 7 (27) | 0.9 (0.4, 2.3) |
| False positive Wasserman reaction and/or anticardiolipin antibodies | 4 (25) | 2 (8) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.2) |
ANA, antinuclear antibodies; DNA, antibodies to native DNA; SS‐A, antibodies to Ro antigens; SS‐B, antibodies to La antigens.