Table 1 Patients' characteristics and indication for referral. Bile leakage (n = 93) and bile duct stricture (n = 110).
| Leakage n = 93 (%) | Strictures n = 110 (%) | Total n = 203 (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, female | 60 | 79 | 139 (68.5) |
| Age at cholecystectomy,mean in years (SD) | 49 (15) | 49 (17) | 50 (16) |
| Indication for cholecystectomy | |||
| Symptomatic cholelithiasis | 74 (79.6) | 83 (75.5) | 157 (77.3) |
| Chronic cholecystitis | 8 (8.6) | 9 (8.2) | 4 (2.0) |
| Acute cholecystitis | 7 (7.5) | 10 (9.1) | 17 (8.4) |
| Cholecystectomy a froid | 2 (2.2) | 2 (1.8) | 17 (8.4) |
| Unknown | 2 (2.2) | 6 (5.5) | 8 (3.9) |
| Initial procedure | |||
| Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | 74 (79.6) | 50 (45.5) | 124 (61.1) |
| Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with conversion | 16 (17.2) | 47 (42.7) | 63 (31.0) |
| Open cholecystectomy | 3 (3.2) | 13 (11.8) | 16 (7.9) |
| Time of diagnosis | |||
| During initial operation | 6 (6.5) | 34 (30.9) | 40 (17.7) |
| In hospital | 43 (46.2) | 30 (27.3) | 73 (35.9) |
| After discharge | 42 (45.2) | 41 (37.3) | 83 (40.9) |
| Unknown | 2 (2.2) | 5 (4.5) | 7 (3.4) |
| Type of initial injury | |||
| Type A, cystic duct leakage | 67 (72.0) | 1* (0.9) | 68 (33.5) |
| Type B, bile duct leakage | 26 (28.0) | 25* (22.7) | 51 (25.1) |
| Type C, bile duct stricture | 0 | 46 (41.8) | 46 (22.7) |
| Type D, bile duct transection | 0 | 38 (34.5) | 38 (18.7) |
| Therapeutic intervention before referral | |||
| Repair during initial cholecystectomy | 4 (4.3) | 34 (30.9) | 38 (18.7) |
| Relaparotomy with repair | 1 (1.1) | 14 (12.7) | 15 (7.4) |
| Endoscopic stent insertion | 9 (9.7) | 28 (25.5) | 37 (18.2) |
| Endoscopic papillotomy | 11 (11.8) | 26 (23.6) | 20 (9.8) |
| PTC/D | 0 | 3 (2.7) | 3 (1.5) |
*After stent treatment for initial bile duct leakage, 26 patients developed a stricture during endoscopic stent treatment and were referred to our centre. PTCD, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography/drainage.