Comparison of the anabolic effects of hydroxyflutamide, S-1, and finasteride at doses that showed equal potency in the prostate after 9 d of treatment (n = 5). After 9 d of treatment, hydroxyflutamide (5, 10, or 25 mg/kg), S-1 (5, 10, or 25 mg/kg), and finasteride (5 mg/kg) decreased prostate weight in intact rats to a similar extent. The anabolic effects of these treatments in levator ani muscle were also compared. Data are presented as the mean ± sd.*, P < 0.05 compared with the vehicle-treated intact control group.