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Spinal level identified by palpation and by imaging of the intercristal line by sex (SP = spinous process, IS = interspinous space)
| Palpated | Imaged | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | Female | Male | |
| L3 SP | 28 | 8 | 0 | 1 |
| L3–4 IS | 14 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| L4 SP | 7 | 10 | 23 | 19 |
| L4–5 IS | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| L5 SP | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 |
| Totals | 49 | 26 | 49 | 26 |
