Table 2.
Histomorphometric measurements for each group and bone subsection
| Bone subsection | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Units | Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| Periosteal growth | µm day−1 | Small | 9.1 ± 2.1 | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 8.3 ± 3.8 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 1.1 |
| Intermediate* | 4.6 ± 0.1 | 3.2 ± 1.7 | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 4.5 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | ||
| Adult | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 2.9 ± 1.5 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | ||
| Endosteal growth | µm day−1 | Small | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 |
| Intermediate* | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 3.1 | 6.2 ± 1.0 | 6.2 ± 3.6 | 10.2 ± 10.2 | 2.6 ± 2.0 | 3.4 ± 1.6 | 2.4 ± 0.0 | ||
| Adult | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | ||
| Cortical thickness | mm | Small | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
| Intermediate | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | ||
| Adult | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | ||
| Porosity | pores mm−2 | Small | 4.6 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0.7 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 6.2 ± 0.8 |
| Intermediate | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | ||
| Adult | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.6 | ||
| Remodelling | 2° osteons mm−2 | Small | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| Intermediate | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | 3.5 ± 1.7 | 2.1 ± 1.5 | 3.0 ± 1.5 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 7.6 ± 0.4 | 6.4 ± 1.2 | ||
| Adult | 12.0 ± 2.3 | 14.0 ± 2.4 | 14.9 ± 1.7 | 12.2 ± 1.5 | 9.4 ± 2.8 | 14.6 ± 2.7 | 15.5 ± 1.7 | 16.5 ± 2.4 | ||
| % Longitudinal fibres | % | Small | 77 ± 4 | 80 ± 3 | 77 ± 2 | 77 ± 3 | 83 ± 2 | 79 ± 3 | 60 ± 3 | 56 ± 4 |
| Intermediate | 75 ± 5 | 72 ± 4 | 75 ± 4 | 78 ± 5 | 81 ± 5 | 75 ± 5 | 57 ± 6 | 55 ± 5 | ||
| Adult | 63 ± 3 | 59 ± 3 | 63 ± 4 | 63 ± 4 | 70 ± 2 | 68 ± 2 | 48 ± 3 | 46 ± 4 | ||
| % Oblique fibres | % | Small | 14 ± 2 | 13 ± 2 | 14 ± 1 | 16 ± 3 | 11 ± 2 | 14 ± 2 | 23 ± 2 | 24 ± 2 |
| Intermediate | 16 ± 3 | 17 ± 3 | 13 ± 3 | 12 ± 3 | 9 ± 1 | 14 ± 3 | 20 ± 2 | 20 ± 1 | ||
| Adult | 17 ± 2 | 18 ± 1 | 17 ± 1 | 16 ± 1 | 15 ± 1 | 17 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 21 ± 1 | ||
| % Transverse fibres | % | Small | 9 ± 2 | 7 ± 2 | 8 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | 7 ± 2 | 18 ± 2 | 21 ± 2 |
| Intermediate | 10 ± 2 | 11 ± 1 | 12 ± 2 | 10 ± 3 | 10 ± 4 | 10 ± 2 | 23 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | ||
| Adult | 20 ± 3 | 23 ± 3 | 20 ± 3 | 20 ± 4 | 15 ± 2 | 15 ± 2 | 32 ± 4 | 33 ± 4 | ||
Values shown are mean ± SE.
Small: n = 6; intermediate: n = 3; adult: n = 5.
*
n = 2, so ± SE simply describes the difference between each of the two data points and the mean.
Bone subsection numbers 1–8 correspond to the subsection numbers in Fig. 1.