Table 1 Effect of azithromycin at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 ng/ml on IL‐8, GM‐CSF, IL‐6, MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 levels.
| Azithromycin concentration (ng/ml) | IL‐8 ng/106 cells (n = 10) | GM‐CSF ng/106 cells (n = 7) | MMP‐9 ng/106 cells (n = 8) | MMP‐2 ng/106 cells (n = 7) | IL‐6 pg/106 cells (n = 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4.4 (0.6–13.0) | 1.1 (0.1–5.5) | 34.2 (5.5–65.6) | 2.2 (0.4–8.7) | 54.6 (36.4–238.0) |
| 5 | 3.4 (0.5–14.5) | 0.6 (0.1–4.3) | 20.4 (3.9–66.4)* | 1.0 (0.4–4.1) | 37.0 (24.7–91.6) |
| 10 | 2.2 (0.4–16.9) | 0.4 (0.1–3.3) | 20.5 (3.6–93.9) | 1.2 (0.4–6.9)* | 39.3 (36.8–71.0) |
| 20 | 1.8 (0.2–7.3)** | 0.5 (0.1–2.9)* | 14.6 (1.4–35.1)** | 0.6 (0.4–5.0)* | 35.0 (21.6–46.4) |
IL, interleukin; GM‐CSF, granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.
Data shown are median (range) values.
Experiments were analysed for n = 10 for IL‐8, n = 8 for MMP‐9, and n = 7 for both MMP‐2 and GM‐CSF. Where azithromycin decreased analyte levels below the assay detection limit, a value halfway between the lowest level of the detection range and zero was assigned. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test for statistical significance with a two‐sided p value <0.05 deemed significant. *p<0.05; **p<0.01. IL‐6 data (n = 3) were not statistically analysed.