TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants According to Physical Activity
| Physical Activity, kcal/week | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <200 N = 6789 | 200–599 N = 6732 | 600–1499 N = 7681 | ≥1500 N = 5853 | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 54.7 (7.1) | 54.4 (7.0) | 54.8 (7.1) | 54.7 (7.1) |
| Current smoking, % | 17.1 | 11.9 | 9.1 | 7.9 |
| Alcohol consumption, % | ||||
| Rarely | 52.3 | 44.5 | 40.6 | 38.2 |
| 1–3 drinks/mo | 12.6 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.5 |
| 1–6 drinks/wk | 26.2 | 31.2 | 35.0 | 37.0 |
| ≥ 1 drink/d | 8.9 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 11.2 |
| Fruit and vegetable intake, mean (SD), servings/d | 5.2 (3.3) | 5.9 (3.2) | 6.4 (3.6) | 7.3 (4.0) |
| Saturated fat intake, mean (SD), g/d | 20.5 (8.5) | 20.2 (7.9) | 19.3 (7.7) | 18.8 (7.9) |
| Fiber intake, mean (SD), g/d | 16.7 (7.4) | 18.7 (7.6) | 19.8 (8.0) | 21.6 (9.2) |
| Hypertension, % | 28.6 | 24.7 | 23.0 | 23.8 |
| Diabetes, % | 3.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
| Postmenopausal status, % | 54.9 | 53.1 | 54.2 | 54.8 |
| Postmenopausal hormone use, % | 41.4 | 43.9 | 44.3 | 44.6 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26.9 (5.6) | 25.9 (4.9) | 25.3 (4.5) | 25.6 (4.7) |
| Parental history of myocardial infarction <60 years, % | 13.6 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 12.8 |
| Biomarkers, median (IQR) | ||||
| Hemoglobin A1c, mg/dL | 5.03 (4.86–5.23) | 5.00 (4.84–5.19) | 4.99 (4.83–5.18) | 4.99 (4.83–5.17) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 210 (186–237) | 209 (184–236) | 207 (183–234) | 207 (182–234) |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 124 (103–147) | 122 (102–145) | 120 (99–143) | 119 (98–142) |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 49.5 (41.3–60.2) | 51.6 (43.4–61.9) | 53.1 (44.1–63.1) | 53.5 (44.1–64.3) |
| Lipoprotein(a), mg/dL | 10.4 (4.3–31.0) | 10.9 (4.4–34.0) | 10.6 (4.6–32.6) | 10.5 (4.4–33.1) |
| Apolipoprotein A1, mg/dL | 146 (130–164) | 149 (133–167) | 150 (134–169) | 151 (134–170) |
| Apolipoprotein B100, mg/dL | 105 (87–124) | 103 (84–122) | 99 (83–119) | 98 (82–119) |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.70 (0.62–0.79) | 0.71 (0.63–0.80) | 0.71 (0.63–0.80) | 0.72 (0.64–0.81) |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L | 10.8 (8.9–13.3) | 10.4 (8.6–12.8) | 10.3 (8.7–12.6) | 10.4 (8.6–12.8) |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 2.5 (1.0–5.1) | 2.0 (0.8–4.4) | 1.8 (0.7–4.1) | 1.8 (0.7–3.8) |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 362 (315–416) | 351 (308–402) | 347 (305–398) | 344 (303–395) |
| Soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1, ng/mL | 356 (309–414) | 342 (301–394) | 338 (297–386) | 337 (298–384) |
P values across physical activity categories were all <0.05 except for postmenopausal status (P=0.05), parental history (P=0.20), and lipoprotein (a) (P=0.25).