TABLE 2.
Association of Physical Activity with Cardiovascular Disease Events after Adjusting for CVD Risk Factors
| Physical Activity, kcal/week | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <200 | 200–599 | 600–1499 | ≥1500 | P for Trend | |
| Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) | |||||
| Age- and treatment-adjusted model | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.61–0.86) | 0.68 (0.57–0.80) | 0.59 (0.49–0.71) | <0.001 |
| Age- and treatment-adjusted plus each of the following added one at a time | |||||
| Smoking | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.62 (0.52–0.75) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87) | 0.69 (0.58–0.81) | 0.60 (0.50–0.73) | <0.001 |
| Fruit, vegetable, saturated fat, fiber intake | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.71 (0.60–0.84) | 0.66 (0.54–0.80) | <0.001 |
| Postmenopausal status, hormone use | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.62–0.87) | 0.68 (0.58–0.81) | 0.59 (0.49–0.72) | <0.001 |
| Parental history of MI <60 years | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.64–0.92) | 0.71 (0.60–0.85) | 0.62 (0.51–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.64–0.89) | 0.71 (0.60–0.84) | 0.62 (0.51–0.74) | <0.001 |
| Blood pressure | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.65–0.92) | 0.75 (0.63–0.88) | 0.66 (0.54–0.79) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.64–0.89) | 0.69 (0.59–0.82) | 0.61 (0.51–0.74) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.63 (0.52–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) | 0.74 (0.63–0.87) | 0.63 (0.52–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87) | 0.69 (0.58–0.81) | 0.60 (0.50–0.72) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87) | 0.69 (0.58–0.81) | 0.60 (0.50–0.72) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.64 (0.53–0.77) | <0.001 |
| Lipoprotein (a) | 1.00 | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.67 (0.57–0.79) | 0.58 (0.48–0.70) | <0.001 |
| Apolipoprotein A1 | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.63–0.89) | 0.70 (0.60–0.83) | 0.62 (0.51–0.74) | <0.001 |
| Apolipoprotein B100 | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.63–0.89) | 0.72 (0.61–0.84) | 0.62 (0.52–0.75) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.61–0.86) | 0.67 (0.57–0.80) | 0.59 (0.49–0.71) | <0.001 |
| Homocysteine | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87) | 0.69 (0.58–0.81) | 0.60 (0.49–0.72) | <0.001 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) | 0.73 (0.62–0.86) | 0.64 (0.53–0.77) | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.64–0.89) | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | 0.63 (0.52–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) | 0.73 (0.62–0.86) | 0.64 (0.53–0.77) | <0.001 |
| All the above in one model | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.79–1.15) | 0.95 (0.79–1.14) | 0.90 (0.73–1.11) | 0.37 |