TABLE 3.

Association of Physical Activity with Cardiovascular and Coronary Heart Disease Events after Adjusting for Sets of Potential Mediators

	Physical Activity, kcal/week
	<200	200–599	600–1499	≥1500	P for Trend
	Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) Cardiovascular Disease
Age- and treatment-adjusted model	1.00	0.73 (0.61–0.86)	0.68 (0.57–0.80)	0.59 (0.49–0.71)	<0.001
Basic model*	1.00	0.86 (0.72–1.04)	0.82 (0.68–0.98)	0.75 (0.61–0.93)	0.01
Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added one group at a time:†
Blood pressure/hypertension	1.00	0.91 (0.75–1.09)	0.89 (0.74–1.08)	0.82 (0.66–1.01)	0.09
Body mass index	1.00	0.90 (0.75–1.08)	0.88 (0.73–1.05)	0.78 (0.63–0.96)	0.02
Hemoglobin A1c/diabetes	1.00	0.89 (0.74–1.07)	0.83 (0.69–1.00)	0.77 (0.62–0.95)	0.02
Traditional lipids Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol	1.00	0.90 (0.74–1.08)	0.87 (0.72–1.05)	0.80 (0.65–0.99)	0.05
Novel lipids Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B100	1.00	0.88 (0.73–1.06)	0.85 (0.71–1.02)	0.79 (0.64–0.97)	0.04
Homocysteine	1.00	0.87 (0.72–1.04)	0.82 (0.68–0.99)	0.75 (0.61–0.93)	0.01
Inflammatory/hemostatic hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1	1.00	0.93 (0.77–1.12)	0.91 (0.75–1.09)	0.83 (0.67–1.03)	0.10
All of the above††	1.00	0.95 (0.79–1.15)	0.95 (0.79–1.14)	0.90 (0.73–1.11)	0.36
	Coronary Heart Disease
Age- and treatment-adjusted model	1.00	0.71 (0.58–0.87)	0.64 (0.52–0.78)	0.48 (0.38–0.62)	<0.001
Basic model	1.00	0.84 (0.67––1.06)	0.76 (0.61–0.96)	0.62 (0.48–0.82)	0.001
Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added one group at a time:
Blood pressure/hypertension	1.00	0.88 (0.70–1.11)	0.84 (0.67–1.05)	0.68 (0.52–0.89)	0.006
Body mass index	1.00	0.89 (0.71–1.11)	0.83 (0.66–1.04)	0.65 (0.50–0.85)	0.002
Hemoglobin A1c/diabetes	1.00	0.87 (0.69–1.08)	0.78 (0.62–0.98)	0.64 (0.49–0.84)	0.001
Traditional lipids Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol	1.00	0.88 (0.70–1.10)	0.83 (0.66–1.04)	0.67 (0.52–0.88)	0.005
Novel lipids Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B100	1.00	0.86 (0.69–1.08)	0.81 (0.64–1.01)	0.67 (0.51–0.87)	0.004
Homocysteine	1.00	0.85 (0.68–1.06)	0.77 (0.61–0.96)	0.63 (0.48–0.82)	0.001
Inflammatory/hemostatic hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1	1.00	0.91 (0.73–1.14)	0.86 (0.68–1.08)	0.70 (0.54–0.92)	0.01
All of the above	1.00	0.93 (0.74–1.17)	0.89 (0.71–1.13)	0.76 (0.58–0.99)	0.05

^*Basic models included age, randomized treatment assignment, smoking, consumption of alcohol, fruits and vegetables, saturated fat, fiber, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use, and parental history of myocardial infarction.

^†Models were adjusted for the variables in the basic model plus each of the sets of risk factors added one group at a time, to separate models.

^††Model included variables in the basic model, plus all sets of risk factors included simultaneously in one model.