Table 3 Literature review of complications of DBS STN implantation*.
| Authors and year | No. of patients (electrodes) | Minimum no. of months of follow up | Mortality (% of patients) and cause | ICH (% of leads) | Infection or erosion (% of leads) | Other serious complication (% of patients) | Confusion (% of patients) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kumar et al., 1998 | 22 (44) | 12 | 0 (0) | 1 (2.3) | NR | 1 lead migration (4.5) | 7 (31.8) | |||||||
| Limousin et al., 1998 | 24 (48) | 12 | 0 (0) | 1 (2.1); persistent aphasia/severe paralysis | 1 (2.1) | NR | 8 (33.3) | |||||||
| Benabid et al., 2000 | 127 (253) | NR | 1 (0.8); PE | 5 (2.0); 2 symptomatic, 3 asymptomatic | “Less than 5%” | 4 transient hemiballism (3.1) | 7 (5.5) | |||||||
| Houeto et al., 2000 | 23 (46) | 6 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (13.0) | |||||||
| Rodriguez‐Oroz et al., 2000 | 15 (30) | 12 | 0 (0) | 2 (6.7); permanent motor deficits | NR | 1 wound haematoma requiring drainage (6.7) | 1 (6.7) | |||||||
| Beric et al., 2001 | 61 (122) | NR | 0 (0) | NR | NR | NR | 4 (6.6) | |||||||
| Broggi et al., 2001 | 17 (34) | 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9); silent | NR | NR | 3 (17.6) | |||||||
| DBS for PD Group, 2001 | 102 (198) | 6 | 0 (0) | 3 (1.5) | 4 (2.5) | 3 seizures (2.9), 1 PE (0.9), 1 brachial plexus injury (0.9), 1 nonhaemorhagic paralysis (0.9), 3 lead migrations (2.9), 1 lead break (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | |||||||
| Lopiano et al., 2001 | 20 (40) | NR | 0 (0) | NR | 1 (2.5) | NR | 2 (10.0) | |||||||
| Ostergaard et al., 2002 | 26 (52) | 12 | 0 (0) | NR | 1 (1.9) | 1 seizure (3.8) | 3 (11.5) | |||||||
| Simuni et al., 2002 | 13 (26) | 12 | 1 (7.7); PE | 1 (3.8); transient | 2 (7.7) | 1 seizure (7.7), 1 subdural haematoma (7.7%) | 1 (7.7) | |||||||
| Starr et al., 2002 | 44 (76) | NR | 0 (0) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.6) | 2 seizures (4.5), 1 lead break (2.3) | 9 (20.5) | |||||||
| Tavella et al., 2002 | 47 (94) | 3 | 0 (0) | NR | 1 (1.1) | NR | 7 (14.9) | |||||||
| Vesper et al., 2002 | 38 (76) | 12 | 0 (0) | NR | 2 (2.6) | NR | 10 (26.3) | |||||||
| Herzog et al., 2003 | 48 (96) | 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.0); transient | NR | 1 dislocation of impulse generator (2.1), 1 subdural haematoma (2.1) | 7 (14.6) | |||||||
| Krack et al., 2003 | 49 (98) | 3 (5 years in 42) | 1 (2.0); ICH | 10 (10.2); 2 permanent, 8 asymptomatic | 5 (5.0) | 2 seizures (4.1), 2 contusions (4.1), 1 ballism (2.0), 1 depressive suicide (2.0), 1 heart failure (2.0) | 12 (24.5) | |||||||
| Landi et al., 2003 | 72 (144) | 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7); transient | 4 (2.8) | 1 PE (1.4) | 8 (11.1) | |||||||
| Pahwa et al., 2003 | 35 (70 | 12 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (7.1) | 1 fracture (2.9), 3 seizures (8.6), | 5 (14.3) | |||||||
| Tamma et al., 2003 | 30 (60) | 12 | 0 (0) | NR | NR | 3 contusions (10.0) | 9 (30.0) | |||||||
| Present study | 100 (191) | 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5); transient | 9 (4.7) | 3 seizures (3.0), 2 wound haematomas requiring drainage (2.0), 1 subdural haematoma (1.0), 1 extension wire replacement (1.0) | 13 (13.0) |
*NR, Not reported; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; PE, pulmonary embolism. Mortality rate 3/913 (0.3%); symptomatic ICH 17/1796(0.9%). Total incidence of confusion (patients) 120/913 (13.1%) (without DBS 119/811 (14.7%)) (range 5.5 to 33.3%). Total incidence of reported infection/erosion (leads) 36/1157 (3.1%) (range 0 to 7.7%)