Table 1 Brain regions exhibiting diffusion and voxel based morphometry abnormalities.
| Cortical area | Side | MNI coordinates x, y, z | T score | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group comparison: decreased FA | ||||
| Corticospinal tract underneath motor cortex | R | 40, −24, 44 | 5.35 | 0.012 |
| R | 36, −14, 44 | 4.11 | 0.029 | |
| R | 38, −8, 36 | 3.87 | 0.041 | |
| L | −30, −20, 42 | 5.55 | 0.012 | |
| Corticospinal tract in centrum semiovale | L | −18, −22, 30 | 5.98 | 0.012 |
| L | −24, −22, 48 | 5.41 | 0.012 | |
| R | 20, −22, 42 | 3.94 | 0.037 | |
| Corticospinal tract in the internal capsule | L | −18, −20, −6 | 4.75 | 0.015 |
| WM underneath motor cortex (medial part) | R | 14, −22, 52 | 4.69 | 0.016 |
| Thalamus | 0, −18, 12 | 4.54 | 0.018 | |
| WM underneath parietal cortex | R | 42, −44, 28 | 5.01 | 0.013 |
| L | −44, −50, 28 | 3.70 | 0.051 | |
| Insula | L | −42, −2, 2 | 4.40 | 0.021 |
| WM underneath ventrolateral premotor cortex | L | −42, −8, 18 | 3.85 | 0.042 |
| R | 40, 10, −2 | 3.68 | 0.052 | |
| Group comparison: increased MD | ||||
| Precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex) | R | 48, −10, 20 | 6 | 0.023 |
| L | −44, −16, 20 | 5.21 | 0.029 | |
| Ventrolateral premotor cortex/insula (post part) | R | 42, 18, 2 | 4.28 | 0.048 |
| L | −46, 14, 0 | 4.64 | 0.042 | |
| Ventrolateral premotor cortex/insula (ant part) | L | −34, 28, −2 | 4.41 | 0.047 |
| Superior temporal gyrus | R | 60, −26, 12 | 4.77 | 0.036 |
| R | 50, −54, 2 | 4.17 | 0.048 | |
| Corticospinal tract in centrum semiovale | L | −24, −20, 42 | 4.29 | 0.048 |
| R | 30, −18, 38 | 4.28 | 0.048 | |
| Hippocampal formation | R | 32, −20, −14 | 4.01 | 0.048 |
| L | −30, −14, −18 | 3.92 | 0.049 | |
| Positive correlation between FA and ALSFRS | ||||
| WM underneath the lateral part of the precentral gyrus | R | 40, 4, 18 | 7.66 | 4568 |
| Corticospinal tract in centrum semiovale | R | 30, −8, 32 | 6.15 | |
| L | −26, −16, 38 | 4.87 | ||
| Corticospinal tract underneath motor cortex | L | −18, −10, 58 | 3.04 | |
| R | 28, −32, 56 | 2.19 | ||
| Insula | L | −42, −6, 4 | 4.45 | |
| L | −30, 20, 6 | 3.48 | ||
| WM underneath ventrolateral premotor cortex | R | 50, 16, 4 | 2.29 | |
| L | −46, 18, −4 | 3.20 | ||
| Precuneus | L | −14, −60, 32 | 4.58 | |
| Cingulum (posterior part) | L | −14, −42, 30 | 3.18 | |
| Corpus callosum | R | 10, −22, 30 | 4.05 | |
| L | −4, −16, 28 | 3.07 | ||
| Group comparison: decreased GM volume | ||||
| Hippocampal formation | L | −18, −28, −10 | 5.04 | 0.034 |
| R | 30, −34, −6 | 4.34 | 0.034 | |
| Temporal isthmus | L | −22, −52, −10 | 4.50 | 0.034 |
| R | 28, −44, −10 | 4.96 | 0.034 | |
| Thalamus | R | 6, −22, −2 | 4.34 | 0.034 |
| L | −12, −14, 16 | 3.33 | 0.046 | |
| Inferior frontal gyrus | L | −48, 16, 22 | 3.46 | 0.043 |
| R | 44, 10, 34 | 3.31 | 0.046 | |
| Precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex) | L | −56, −18, 28 | 4.52 | 0.034 |
| L | −34, −34, 58 | 3.71 | 0.037 | |
| R | 42, −24, 52 | 3.80 | 0.036 | |
| Ventrolateral premotor cortex/insula (post part) | L | −54, −2, 4 | 3.71 | 0.037 |
| Ventrolateral premotor cortex/insula (ant part) | L | −48, 18, −2 | 4.77 | 0.034 |
| R | 50, 20, 2 | 3.18 | 0.052 | |
| Parietal cortex | L | −34, −54, 48 | 3.58 | 0.040 |
| Occipital lobe | L | −20, −72, −12 | 4.36 | 0.034 |
| Cerebellum | R | 10, −56, −14 | 3.82 | 0.036 |
| Superior temporal gyrus | L | −54, −20, 12 | 4.92 | 0.034 |
| Superior temporal sulcus | L | −52, −56, 16 | 3.90 | 0.036 |
ALSFRS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale; Ant, anterior; FA, fractional anisotropy; GM, grey matter; L, left; MD, mean diffusivity; Post, posterior; R, right; WM, white matter.
Coordinates are in MNI space. Only the higher peaks per region are given. Uncorrected clusters are shown in italics.