Figure 1.

Developmental defects due to injection of DNA oligonucleotides complementary to miRNAs. All embryos are oriented with anterior to the left and ventral down. (A) Wild-type embryo just before hatching (buffer- injected control). Note the wild-type mouth parts (bracket) that are missing in all other embryos. (B) Example of non-specific developmental defects in buffer-injected embryos (loss/deformation of mouth parts). (C–F) Anti-mi-DNA injected embryos. Embryos injected with anti-miDNA-2a (C and D) or anti-miDNA-13a (E and F) consistently produce abdominal defects, such as cuticle holes (arrows) and disorganised denticle belts (arrowheads), seen clearly in the higher magnification detail in (F).