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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Sep 15;13(18 Pt 1):5280–5289. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1378

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

LPS signals the TLR4 pathway on an APC (i.e., monocyte or dendritic cell). TLR4 is a pathogen-associated receptor for Gram-negative bacterial product LPS.TLR4 requires MD-2, a secreted molecule, to functionally interact with the LPS:LPS binding protein complex (LPB). CD14 stabilizes and enhances LPS signaling. TLR4 engagement of LPS leads to nuclear factor-κB translocation via MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent pathway that involve the TIR domain–ontaining adapter protein TIRAP. Adapted by permission from MacMillan Publisher Ltd: Nature Immunology 4; 1144–1150; Copyright 2003.