TABLE II.
Demographic and Occupational Characteristics of the Study Population, US Army, 1989–1997*
| Characteristic and Strata | Nonsmoker (N = 7,799) | Former smoker (N = 2,610) | Light to moderate smoker (N = 2,766) | Heavy smoker (N =1,945) | Total (N =15,120) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean follow-up time (months) | 39.3 (SD = 27.1) | 39.9 (SD = 27.1) | 35.9 (SD = 26.1) | 36.6 (SD = 26.4) | 38.4 (SD = 26.9) |
| Gender (P < 0.001) | |||||
| Male | 83.8% | 86.3% | 83.5% | 91.8% | 85.2% |
| Female | 16.2% | 13.7% | 16.5% | 8.2% | 14.8% |
| Age (mean years) (P <0.001) | 30.1 (SD = 7.3) | 33.5 (SD = 7.9) | 30.0 (SD = 6.9) | 32.0 (SD = 7.0) | 30.9 (SD = 7.4) |
| <21 | 7.6% | 4.3% | 9.0% | 4.6% | 6.9% |
| 21–25 | 26.5% | 16.1% | 25.5% | 19.0% | 23.6% |
| 26–34 | 38.0% | 32.1% | 37.4% | 35.0% | 36.5% |
| 35 + | 27.8% | 47.5% | 28.1% | 41.4% | 33.0% |
| Race/ethnicity (P <0.001) | |||||
| White | 57.5% | 67.1% | 58.0% | 86.3% | 62.9% |
| Black | 33.6% | 22.9% | 33.6% | 9.5% | 28.6% |
| Hispanic | 4.2% | 5.2% | 3.5% | 1.7% | 3.9% |
| American Indian/Alaskan | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1.7% | 1.1% | 1.6% | 0.7% | 1.4% |
| Other | 2.5% | 3.0% | 2.6% | 1.3% | 2.4% |
| Education level (P <0.001) | |||||
| No H.S. diploma | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.3% |
| H.S. grad/GED | 69.2% | 69.1% | 87.5% | 87.4% | 74.9% |
| Some college | 6.3% | 9.6% | 5.9% | 6.3% | 6.8% |
| College degree | 24.3% | 21.2% | 6.0% | 5.9% | 8.0% |
| Pay gradea (P <0.001) | |||||
| E1–E3 | 11.4% | 7.5% | 15.2% | 10.2% | 11.3% |
| E4–E6 | 54.8% | 50.3% | 67.9% | 62.7% | 57.4% |
| E7–E9 | 10.4% | 20.2% | 11.7% | 20.8% | 13.7% |
| W1–W5 | 2.7% | 5.0% | 1.8% | 2.6% | 2.9% |
| 01–03 | 12.9% | 6.2% | 2.4% | 1.7% | 8.4% |
| 04–010 | 7.7% | 10.8% | 1.0% | 2.0% | 6.3% |
| Physical demand (of enlisted jobs only, P <0.001) | |||||
| Light | 2.6% | 2.8% | 2.4% | 2.5% | 2.6% |
| Medium | 10.0% | 8.6% | 8.6% | 5.4% | 8.8% |
| Moderately heavy | 19.5% | 21.3% | 18.0% | 17.5% | 19.2% |
| Heavy | 1.6% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| Very heavy | 66.2% | 65.6% | 70.0% | 73.2% | 68.0% |
| Work stress (P <0.001) | |||||
| Often | 7.9% | 7.2% | 8.9% | 12.3% | 8.5% |
| Sometimes | 23.9% | 25.3% | 23.9% | 27.1% | 24.6% |
| Seldom | 39.4% | 41.5% | 38.0% | 37.7% | 39.3% |
| Never | 28.8% | 26.0% | 29.1% | 22.9% | 27.6% |
| Job satisfaction (P < 0.001) | |||||
| Not satisfied | 12.9% | 13.2% | 16.3% | 19.0% | 14.4% |
| Somewhat | 24.7% | 22.8% | 24.6% | 25.9% | 24.5% |
| Mostly | 38.3% | 39.9% | 37.8% | 36.7% | 38.3% |
| Totally | 24.1% | 24.0% | 21.3% | 18.4% | 22.8% |
*
Totals may not equal 100% because of missing data. Percentages represent column percentages. Weekly alcohol consumption not significant in univariate analyses. (Data not shown).
a
Pay grade is listed in increasing order.