(A) The Ndr2 protein encoded by the cyctf219 allele lacks a functional signal sequence, as judged by the failure to be glycosylated. Proteins from coupled transcription–translation reactions with expression plasmids that initiate at the wild-type met (WT) or the second met at position 38 (corresponding to cyctf219, denoted M) were analyzed under denaturing and reducing conditions. Aliquots were treated with or without dog pancreatic microsomes (Mic.) and±endoglycosidase H. The arrow indicates the glycosylated form of the polypeptide. (B) Northern blot analysis of the in vivo activity of wild-type (WT) and mutant (M) RNA in the Xenopus animal cap assay, using nrp-1 as a probe for neural induction (28). U, uninjected; pg, amount of RNA injected per embryo; 18S rRNA was used as a loading control; 7×, sevenfold longer exposure of the two lanes at the right to illustrate the inactivity of the mutant RNA.