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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Nov;11(4):685–706. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2007.08.002

Figure 5. Mutations within the pol gene can result in changes within the envelope protein.

Figure 5

The genome HBV is shown, as in Fig. 1, as a circle, with 1 to 3,182 nucleotides numbered consecutively from the single Eco R1 site. The coding regions for each gene are shown as curved arrows that follow the direction of the transcripts. The polypeptide specified by the pol (polymerase) and env (envelope) genes are expanded as horizontal boxes. The amino acid sequence of the polymerase between amino acids 163 and 210 is the region that contains amino acids that, when mutated, can confer resistance to some polymerase inhibitors. The YMDD amino acid motif (underlined), for example, when mutated (as shown) confers resistance to lamivudine and is provided with the amino acid transition indicated. Since the open reading frames for pol and env overlap, (amino acid 204 of the rt (reverse transcriptase) roughly correspond to amino acid 195/6 of the envelope protein, as indicated) a change in this motif will change the amino acids specified by the env open reading frame, and this is concomitant change is indicated.