GM-CSF and anti-CTLA-4 synergize in treatment of SM1 tumors. On day 0, mice were implanted with 2 × 104 (a) or 2 × 105 SM1 (b) cells. (a) On days 0, 3, and 6, mice were injected s.c. on the contralateral flank with the 1 × 106 irradiated cells of the indicated vaccine. On days 4, 7, and 10, mice were injected i.p. with either control antibodies (dashed lines) or anti-CTLA-4 (solid lines). (b) Mice were treated with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 and an irradiated GMSM1 vaccine or anti-CTLA-4 alone as described in a. Growth of the parental SM1 tumor was monitored, and incidence is indicated in parentheses.