The distribution and sampled locations of P. sylvestris. The whole distribution of P. sylvestris in Eurasia is presented in the small map. In the larger map eight sampled European sites are indicated with open circles. The dashed line indicates the extent of the ice sheet during last glacial maximum according to Svendsen et al. (1999). FIN, northern Finland; FIS, southern Finland; SWE, Sweden; POL, Poland; AUS, Austria; FRA, France; TUR, Turkey; and SPA, Spain.