TABLE 3—
Effect of Orphan and Vulnerable Children Status on Onset of Sexual Intercourse Among Children Aged 12 to 17 Years After Accounting for Effects of Psychosocial Distress and Other Observed Intermediate Determinants: Survey on Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Rural and Urban High Density Zimbabwe, 2004
| Double Orphans | Maternal Orphans | Paternal Orphans | Other Vulnerable Children | ||||||||||
| Determinate | No. | AORa (95% CI) | P | No. | AORa (95% CI) | P | No. | AORa (95% CI) | P | No. | AORa (95% CI) | P | Nonorphaned, nonvulnerable children, No. |
| Age- and gender-adjusted models: Orphaned and vulnerable children | 548 | 0.97 (0.69, 1.38) | .875 | 281 | 1.95 (1.34, 2.84) | .001 | 1123 | 1.29 (1.00, 1.67) | .049 | 543 | 1.34 (0.96, 1.87) | .087 | 2165 |
| Multivariate models | |||||||||||||
| Orphaned and vulnerable children | 548 | 0.78 (0.54, 1.13) | .196 | 281 | 1.71 (1.14, 2.55) | .009 | 1123 | 1.07 (0.80, 1.47) | .667 | 543 | 1.29 (0.91, 1.83) | .149 | 2165 |
| Location (compared with subsistence farms): Urban and commercial farms | 70 | 0.79 (0.50, 1.25) | .313 | 46 | 0.74 (0.46, 1.19) | .211 | 128 | 0.80 (0.53, 1.20) | .278 | 94 | 0.74 (0.47, 1.19) | .222 | 273 |
| Poverty: Poorest quintile | 128 | 0.56 (0.36, 0.86) | .008 | 43 | 0.61 (0.39, 0.95) | .029 | 232 | 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) | .049 | 87 | 0.69 (0.45, 1.05) | .086 | 359 |
| Gender of household head: Woman | 266 | 1.29 (0.94, 1.78) | .117 | 87 | 1.42 (1.02, 1.97) | .036 | 854 | 1.18 (0.88, 1.59) | .273 | 160 | 1.53 (1.12, 2.10) | .008 | 552 |
| School enrollment status: Out of school | 174 | 3.76 (2.77, 5.11) | <.001 | 79 | 3.39 (2.48, 4.64) | <.001 | 320 | 3.55 (2.72, 4.65) | <.001 | 127 | 3.76 (2.78, 5.09) | <.001 | 502 |
| Psychosocial distress: Greater variable score | 548 | 1.34 (1.18, 1.53) | <.001 | 281 | 1.31 (1.15, 1.49) | <.001 | 1123 | 1.24 (1.10, 1.39) | <.001 | 543 | 1.35 (1.18, 1.54) | <.001 | 2165 |
| Pseudo-R2 | .166 | .176 | .159 | .172 | |||||||||
Note. AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. Double orphans had lost both of their parents, maternal orphans had lost their mother only, and paternal orphans had lost their father only. Vulnerable children were defined as those who were either living in a household that experienced the death of an adult other than a parent in the last year or who lived in a household with a chronically ill person.
aOdds ratios were adjusted for age and gender and, in multivariate models, observed determinants of commencement of sexual intercourse.