TABLE 2—
Physical Symptoms and Severity Levels Experienced by Female Trafficking Survivors (n = 192): Europe, 2004–2005
| Symptom Severity Ranking, No. (%) | ||||||
| Symptom Category | Total No. (%) | Not Ranked | Not At All | A Little | Quite A Bit | Extremely/Very Much |
| Constitutional symptoms | ||||||
| Easily tired | 156 (81.25) | 2 (1.28) | . . . | 38 (24.36) | 49 (31.41) | 67 (42.95) |
| Weight loss | 91 (47.39) | . . . | 4 (4.40) | 24 (26.37) | 23 (25.27) | 40 (43.96) |
| Loss of appetite | 119 (61.98) | . . . | 3 (2.52) | 43 (36.13) | 27 (22.69) | 46 (38.66) |
| Neurological symptoms | ||||||
| Headaches | 158 (82.29) | . . . | 2 (1.26) | 33 (20.89) | 38 (24.05) | 85 (53.80) |
| Dizzy spells | 135 (70.31) | . . . | . . . | 44 (32.59) | 48 (35.56) | 43 (31.85) |
| Memory difficulty | 119 (61.98) | 1 (0.84) | 2 (1.68) | 35 (29.41) | 36 (30.25) | 45 (37.82) |
| Fainting | 40 (20.83) | 1 (2.50) | . . . | 23 (57.50) | 10 (25.00) | 6 (15.00) |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | ||||||
| Stomach pain | 117 (60.94) | . . . | 1 (0.86) | 32 (27.35) | 54 (46.15) | 30 (25.64) |
| Upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation | 84 (43.75) | 1 (1.19) | . . . | 31 (36.9) | 37 (44.05) | 15 (17.86) |
| Urogenital symptoms | ||||||
| Urination pain | 33 (17.19) | 3 (9.09) | . . . | 6 (18.18) | 13 (39.40) | 11 (33.33) |
| Pelvic pain | 113 (58.85) | 7 (6.20) | 2 (1.77) | 21 (18.58) | 33 (29.20) | 50 (44.25) |
| Vaginal discharge | 134 (69.79) | 2 (1.49) | 2 (1.49) | 32 (23.89) | 45 (33.58) | 53 (39.55) |
| Vaginal pain | 48 (25.00) | . . . | . . . | 20 (41.67) | 17 (35.42) | 11 (22.91) |
| Vaginal bleeding (not menstruation) | 18 (9.38) | . . . | . . . | 3 (16.67) | 11 (61.11) | 4 (22.22) |
| Gynecological infection | 112 (58.33) | 3 (2.68) | . . . | 20 (17.86) | 38 (33.93) | 51 (45.53) |
| Cardiovascular symptoms | ||||||
| Chest/heart pain | 96 (50.00) | . . . | 1 (1.04) | 40 (41.67) | 39 (40.63) | 16 (16.66) |
| Breathing difficulty | 76 (39.58) | . . . | 2 (2.63) | 32 (42.11) | 31 (40.79) | 11 (14.47) |
| Musculoskeletal symptoms | ||||||
| Back pain | 132 (68.75) | 3 (2.27) | . . . | 34 (25.76) | 46 (34.85) | 49 (37.12) |
| Fractures/sprains | 24 (12.50) | . . . | 3 (12.50) | 9 (37.50) | 5 (20.83) | 7 (29.17) |
| Joint or muscle pain | 68 (35.42) | 1 (1.47) | 2 (2.94) | 18 (26.47) | 29 (42.65) | 18 (26.47) |
| Tooth pain | 111 (57.81) | 1 (0.90) | 1 (0.90) | 37 (33.33) | 21 (18.92) | 51 (45.95) |
| Facial injuries | 18 (9.38) | 1 (5.56) | . . . | 4 (22.22) | 6 (33.33) | 7 (38.89) |
| Eye, ear, and upper respiratory symptoms | ||||||
| Eye pain | 63 (32.81) | 1 (1.59) | . . . | 25 (39.68) | 25 (39.68) | 12 (19.05) |
| Ear pain | 28 (14.58) | . . . | 1 (3.57) | 15 (53.58) | 9 (32.14) | 3 (10.71) |
| Cold, flu, sinus infection | 58 (30.21) | . . . | 4 (6.89) | 26 (44.83) | 17 (29.31) | 11 (18.97) |
| Dermatological symptoms | ||||||
| Rashes, itching, sores | 54 (28.13) | . . . | 1 (1.85) | 20 (37.04) | 24 (44.44) | 9 (16.67) |
Note. The listed categories refer to general symptom groupings only. They are not intended to reflect a diagnosis or symptom origin for individual women.