BDNF immunostaining of LMAN and area X in a male zebra finch at different ages. A 20-day-old male shows little BDNF staining in either LMAN or area X (dotted outlines, Upper Left). At 45 days (Upper Right), the level of immunostaining within these areas is still very low, but is rapidly and specifically increased in the 65-day-old bird (Lower Left). The BDNF staining is much lower in the adult LMAN and area X (Lower Right), when compared with the 65-day-old male. Anterior is to the right, dorsal side is up. (Bar = 500 μm.)