FIG. 2.

Activation of PhoPQ by AMPs. The abilities of Bac2A peptide derivatives to initiate the activation of a PhoPQ-dependent reporter were examined by the incubation of bacteria in the presence of sublethal (1 μg/ml) concentrations of the indicated peptides, as well as 1 mM magnesium. The values reported represent the averages of the results for three replicate experiments. The activation and repression of PhoPQ by low (50 μM) and high (5 mM) magnesium concentrations, respectively, are also reported. Error bars show standard deviations.