FIG. 1.

Metabolic pathways of E. coli strain NZN111 under anaerobic conditions. Not all the enzyme-catalyzed steps and intermediates are shown. PTS, phosphotransferase system; PPC, PEP carboxylase; PCK, PEP carboxykinase; PK, pyruvate kinase; PPS, PEP synthetase; PDHc, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; PTA, phosphoacetyltransferase; ACK, acetate kinase; ICL, isocitrate lyase; MS, malate synthase; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; FUM, fumarase; SDH, succinate dehydrogenase; FRD, fumarate reductase. ×, inactivated reactions. The dashed line indicates the enzyme activity formed in aerobic culture.