FIG. 6.

Correlation between CD8⁺ CD25⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells and immune activation. The proportions of CD3⁺ CD4⁺ lymphocytes that were CD25⁺ (A) and the proliferative response to AT-2-inactivated SIV (B) of individual macaques are shown. (Top) Six cynomolgus macaques inoculated intravenously with 5,000 AID₅₀ (open symbols). (Middle) Six cynomolgus macaques inoculated intravenously with 50 AID₅₀ (gray symbols). (Bottom) Six cynomolgus macaques inoculated intravenously with 50 AID₅₀ and treated (AZT, 3TC, and indinavir) from 4 h postinfection to 28 days postinfection (black symbols). (C and D) Inverse correlation between the peak number of CD8⁺ CD25⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells and the peak proportion of CD25⁺ cells among CD4⁺ T cells during primary infection (P = 0.017 by Spearman correlation; r² = 0.291). Shown is the inverse correlation between the total numbers of CD8⁺ CD25⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells during primary infection (days 0 to 128) (C) and the total SIV antigen-specific proliferative response, days 0 to 100, expressed as the area under the curve (AUC) (P = 0.029 by Spearman correlation; r² = 0.254) (D).