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. 1999 Sep 6;146(5):1097–1106. doi: 10.1083/jcb.146.5.1097

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© 1999 The Rockefeller University Press

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).

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Model for regulation of actin dynamics in filopodia. Chevrons indicate actin monomers, with filaments oriented barbed end distal. Assembly is driven by actin polymerization at the tip, presumably regulated by factors that influence polymerization rate. Flow is driven by motors pulling on the filaments, though the precise identity of the motors, and what they pull relative to, is unknown. Flow is presumably regulated by direct regulation of the motors and/or coupling of actin filaments to the substrate via adhesion systems. Assembly and flow can be regulated independently: temporally within a single filopodium and spatially between filopodia within a growth cone. In our data set, assembly rate varied frequently while the flow rate was more constant (Fig. 5). Thus, the direction and rate of filopodium tip movement was governed primarily by assembly rate.