Figure 8.

Effect of NAD⁺ (NAD⁺, concentrations as shown) on the mean change (Δ) in cytosolic [Ca²⁺] (nM) in fura 2–loaded single osteoclasts under various experimental conditions. (A) Osteoclasts were preincubated with either vehicle or the anti-CD38 agonist antibody, A10 (1:500) in Medium 199-Hanks ([Ca²⁺] = 1.25 mM). (B) Osteoclasts were pretreated for several min with the microsomal membrane Ca²⁺-ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin (4 μM), or with the cell-permeant ryanodine receptor modulators, ryanodine (4 μM) or caffeine (4 μM). (C) Osteoclasts were pretreated for 15 min with the antagonist antibody (Sigma Chemical Co.) (1:500) (Sig). Cytosolic Δ [Ca²⁺] was calculated in each case by subtracting the basal from peak cytosolic [Ca²⁺]. Asterisks indicate P < 0.05 (n = 6 per group).