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. 2002 Dec 23;159(6):1087–1096. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200208050

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Copyright © 2002, The Rockefeller University Press

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).

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Figure 8. — NHE1 integrates migratory cues to spatially amplify early polarity signals and to regulate focal adhesion remodeling. Membrane receptors, including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), integrins, and G protein–coupled receptors (GPCR), receive migratory cues. All three classes of receptors activate NHE1, which is spatially restricted to the leading-edge membrane of lamellipodia by cytoskeletal anchoring through the binding of ERM proteins. Localized NHE1 activity integrates signals from diverse membrane receptors to coordinate early polarity signals and promote focal adhesion remodeling. The two functions of NHE1 have distinct effects on focal adhesion remodeling. Cytoskeletal anchoring is necessary for focal adhesion assembly and ion translocation is necessary for de-adhesion.