Table 1.
Selected Sample Characteristics (N = 446)
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity | ||
| African American | 211 | 47.3 |
| Caucasian | 235 | 52.7 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 281 | 63.0 |
| Female | 165 | 37.0 |
| Age groups (in years) | Mean = 34.09 | SD = 10.96 |
| 18-24 | 106 | 23.8 |
| 25-34 | 152 | 34.1 |
| 35-44 | 89 | 20.0 |
| >45 | 99 | 22.2 |
| Eucation (highest grade completed) | Mean = 11.26 | SD = 1.92 |
| 1 to 8 | 32 | 7.2 |
| 9 to 12 | 319 | 71.5 |
| 13+ | 95 | 21.3 |
| Primary drug | ||
| Crack/cocaine | 33 | 63.5 |
| Heroin/opiates | 16 | 30.7 |
| Marijuana | 3 | 5.8 |
| Previous treatment history (in times) | Mean = 0.46 | SD = 2.31 |
| Yes | 314 | 70.4 |
| No | 132 | 29.6 |
| Court-referred | ||
| Yes | 123 | 27.6 |
| No | 323 | 72.4 |
| Residential, inpatient or therapeutic treatment needed | ||
| Yes | 151 | 33.9 |
| No | 295 | 66.1 |
| ASI composite score | ||
| Medical status | Mean = 0.23 | SD = 0.34 |
| Employment status | Mean = 0.81 | SD = 0.23 |
| Alcohol use | Mean = 0.12 | SD = 0.21 |
| Drug use | Mean = 0.21 | SD = 0.16 |
| Legal status | Mean = 0.19 | SD = 0.21 |
| Family/Social status | Mean = 0.31 | SD = 0.20 |
| Psychiatric status | Mean = 0.27 | SD = 0.25 |
note: four cases in “other” ethnic group were omitted from our analyses.