TABLE 1.
Means and Standard Deviations for Maternal Personality, Maternal Behavior, and Maternal Emotional Expressions
| Variable | n | M | SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal personality (18 months): | |||
| Openness to Experience | 244a | 3.65 | .61 |
| Conscientiousness | 244a | 3.89 | .62 |
| Extraversion | 244a | 3.63 | .77 |
| Agreeableness | 244a | 4.15 | .58 |
| Neuroticism | 244a | 2.55 | .76 |
| Observed maternal behavior: | |||
| Sensitivity (18 months) | 245b | 2.52 | .61 |
| Intrusiveness (18 months) | 245b | 1.34 | .33 |
| Sensitivity (30 months) | 216c | 2.83 | .52 |
| Intrusiveness (30 months) | 216c | 1.25 | .24 |
| Observed maternal emotional expressions: | |||
| Positive (18 months) | 245b | 2.23 | .61 |
| Negative (18 months) | 245b | 1.02 | .05 |
| Positive (30 months) | 216c | 1.85 | .54 |
| Negative (30 months) | 216c | 1.05 | .12 |
| Reported maternal emotional expressions (24 months): | |||
| Positive | 213 | 7.45 | 1.07 |
| Negative | 213 | 3.85 | 1.07 |
a
Notes. One mother did not complete the questionnaires during the laboratory visit,
b
One mother - child free play was unable to be coded because the mother spoke in foreign language that was not able to be translated,
c
4 mothers participated at 30 months but not at the 18 months visit; the means were the same when these mothers were not included.