Table I.
Cytokine levels in the axotomized DRGs on POD 3 and 7
| POD 3 |
POD 7 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokine | Normal | Sham | SNL | SNL + steroid |
Sham | SNL | SNL + steroid |
Estimated Detection limit |
| GM-CSF | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| IL-1α | 14.0 ± 2.4 | 9.3 ± 1.7 | 11.2 ± 6.1 | 2.8 ± 2.0& | 7.5 ± 3.6 | 11.3 ± 4.2 | 14.1 ± 3.2 | 0.10 (0.25 pM) |
| MCP-1 | 21.8 ± 2.9 | 30.6 ± 8.5 | 106 ± 52# | 45.4 ± 4.8# | 28.8 ± 12.1 | 63.2 ± 20.1& | 36.4 ± 3.6& | 0.06 (0.19 pM) |
| IL-4 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 1.9 | 0.1 ± 0.1# | 0.1 ± 0.1# | 1.8 ± 1.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0$ | 0.4 ± 0.1& | 0.04 (0.12 pM) |
| IL-1β | 13.6 ± 4.0 | 10.4 ± 3.6 | 16.2 ± 1.4 | 8.5 ± 2.4 | 14.0 ± 1.8 | 11.6 ± 3.5 | 16.7 ± 3.5 | 0.04 (0.09 pM) |
| IL-2 | 19.1 ± 3.1 | 11.2 ± 3.7 | 4.4 ± 1.0# | 3.7 ± 0.7$ | 12.9 ± 4.1 | 4.7 ± 1.1# | 7.4 ± 1.5# | 0.10 (0.17 pM) |
| IL-6 | 11.0 ± 1.9 | 25.4 ± 11.1 | 180 ± 37$ | 106 ± 10$ | 11.3 ± 1.8 | 42.2 ± 4.0$ | 59.4 ± 10.0$ | 0.16 (0.32 pM) |
| IL-10 | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 5.0 ± 3.2 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 1.9 | 0.06 (0.14 pM) |
| IL-12p70 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3& | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 0.07 (0.04 pM) |
| IL-5 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 2.4 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.05 (0.15 pM) |
| IFN | 19.0 ± 4.8 | 24.9 ± 15.5 | 173 ± 162 | 6.3 ± 3.2 | 21.2 ± 6.3 | 198 ± 120 | 17.6 ± 4.0 | 0.08 (0.22 pM) |
| IL-18 | 147 ± 30 | 117 ± 22 | 170 ± 4 | 166 ± 21 | 164.0 ± 44.0 | 128 ± 12 | 263 ± 46 | 0.08 (0.14 pM) |
| GRO/KC | 17.0 ± 3.9 | 23.9 ± 8.1 | 154 ± 74# | 31.8 ± 0.8 | 22.2 ± 5.9 | 28.1 ± 8.4 | 39.1 ± 15.1 | 0.03 (0.19 pM) |
| TNFα | 12.9 ± 3.1 | 13.3 ± 7.5 | 6.0 ± 2.3 | 9.4 ± 1.3 | 14.2 ± 5.1 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | 16.1 ± 4.2 | 0.07 (0.18 pM) |
Cytokine abbreviations: GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; GRO/KC, growth related oncogene; IF ,interferon-γ; interleukin (IL); MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. Values are given as mean ± S.E.M in units of pg/mg protein. Four steroid or normal saline (vehicle) injections were given daily starting immediately before the surgery. Significance of changes (vs. normal) is indicated by & (p<0.05), # (p<0.01), and $ (p < 0.001), based on ratio t-tests (on the logs of the values, i.e., examining the significance of the fold change). N = 3 – 6 experiments for each experimental group, and 5 for the normal group; each experimental measurement was on samples containing 4 ganglia combined from 2 rats, measured two or three times. The estimated detection limits were obtained from the lowest detectable cytokine concentration (as specified by the kit manufacturer) and the average experimental tissue average experimental protein weight, for each experiment.