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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jan 4.
Published in final edited form as: Future Lipidol. 2007 Aug;2(4):403–422. doi: 10.2217/17460875.2.4.403

Figure 3. CDP-choline: Integration of cytokine response and lipid metabolism after stroke.

Figure 3

[74] Upregulation of TNF-α and IL-1 differentially affects phospholipases, SMases; CCT and SM synthase in collectively causing loss of PC and SM and release of ArAc and ceramide. CDP-choline partially prevents loss of these phospholipids by attenuating the inflammatory response.