Table 2.
Demographic, clinical and Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic characteristics of patients with CNS-TB and non-CNS TB in Houston, Texas 1995–2004
| CNS –TB (N=92) | NON-CNS TB (N=3,570) | P VALUE | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group
0–17 years old 18–59 years old ≥ 60 years old |
27 (29.4%) 60 (65.2%) 5 (5.4%) |
288 (8.1%) 2,691 (75.4%) 591 (16.6%) |
<0.001 Referent 0.038 |
| Age** | 32.5 (0–66) | 42 (0–93) | <0.001 |
| Male Gender | 64 (69.6%) | 2,404 (67.3%) | 0.651 |
| Race
Black Hispanic White Asian |
39 (42.4%) 8 (8.7%) 37 (40.2%) 8 (8.7%) |
1,360 (38.1%) 557 (15.6%) 1,183 (33.1%) 455 (12.7%) |
0.077 0.048 Referent 0.688 |
| Foreign born | 25 (27.2%) | 1,324 (37.1%) | 0.047 |
| Negative MTB culture | 28 (30.4%) | 569 (15.9%) | 0.001 |
| Print 12 MTB isolate *
Spoligotype 777776777760601 |
2 (3.4%) | 6 (0.2%) | 0.009 |
| MTB Genetic Group *
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 |
19 (34.5%) 34 (61.8%) 2 (3.6%) |
853 (32.6%) 1,307 (50.0%) 455 (17.4%) |
Referent 0.592 0.030 |
| Prison history | 6 (6.5%) | 422 (11.8%) | 0.091 |
| Daily alcohol use | 24 (26.7%) | 1,199 (33.7%) | 0.156 |
| Current smoker | 27 (29.3%) | 1,485 (41.7%) | 0.016 |
| History of illicit drug use | 21 (22.8%) | 1,199 (33.6%) | 0.025 |
| Directly Observed Therapy | 74 (84.1%) | 3,031 (85.6%) | 0.690 |
| Symptoms on presentation
Cough Fatigue Fever Sweats Chest pain Headaches Altered mental status Nausea/vomiting Syncope Dizziness Changes in vision Seizure Stiff Neck |
39 (42.4%) 25 (27.5%) 79 (85.9%) 39 (42.4%) 7 (7.6%) 44 (47.8%) 39 (42.4%) 35 (38.0%) 2 (2.2%) 13 (14.1%) 9 (9.8%) 16 (17.4%) 14 (15.2%) |
2,613 (73.8%) 1,395 (39.5%) 2,072 (58.5%) 1,821 (51.5%) 903 (25.5%) 160 (4.5%) 50 (14.0%) 296 (8.3%) 16 (0.4%) 91 (2.6%) 17 (0.5%) 15 (0.4%) 15 (0.4%) |
<0.001 0.017 <0.001 0.084 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.082 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 |
| HIV co-infection | 31 (33.7%) | 583 (16.3%) | <0.001 |
| CD4 count within 90 days** | 82 (8–441) | 99.5 (1–1551) | 0.135 |
| HIV viral load
<400 copies 401–10,000 copies 10,001–100,000 copies 100,000–750,000 copies >750,000 copies |
2 (12.5%) 2 (12.5%) 3 (18.8%) 7 (43.8%) 2 (12.5%) |
24 (7.9%) 34 (11.1%) 69 (22.6%) 131 (43.0%) 47 (15.4%) |
0.514 0.752 0.982 0.781 Referent |
| Liver disease | 25 (27.2%) | 570 (16.0%) | 0.007 |
| Positive TB skin test | 39 (51.3%) | 2,279 (70.6%) | 0.001 |
| BCG vaccination | 15 (16.9%) | 932 (27.4%) | 0.018 |
| Days in hospital** | 24 (3–396) | 3 (0–784) | 0.004 |
| Death at 30 days after diagnosis | 9 (9.8%) | 143 (4.0%) | 0.018 |
| Death at 180 days after diagnosis | 16 (17.39%) | 304 (8.52%) | 0.008 |
| Completion of TB treatment | 56 (67.5%) | 2,868 (84.3%) | <0.001 |
*
Analysis performed only on patients with culture- positive TB from whom an MTB isolate was available for analysis (58 MTB isolates from CNS-TB and 2,749 isolates from non-CNS TB)
**
The variables were analyzed as continuous, the median (range) values are provided for clarification purposes.