Table 1.
Micro/minisatellites that regulate gene transcription.
| Genes regulated | VNTR localization | Repeat unit | Length of alleles | Transcription regulation a | Interacting factor b |
| Microsatellites | |||||
| EGF receptor | intron 1 | (CA)n | 14–21 | down | |
| metalloproteinase 9 | promoter | (CA)n | 14–23 | down | |
| Pax-6 | promoter -1 kb | (AC)m (AG)n | 24–36 | up | |
| HLA-DRB | intron 2 | (GT)m (GA)n | (15–22)(4–15) | down | CTCF (ZNF) |
| NOS2A | promoter -2.5 kb | (CCTTT)n | 8–18 | up | |
| COL1A2 | promoter, intron 1 | (CA)n(CG)n(CA)n | (14–21)(6–7)(8) | up | |
| prolactin | promoter | (TG)m (CA)n | (8–15)(4–13) | down | |
| phospholipase A2 | promoter -595 bp | (CA)n | 48 | down | |
| heme oxygenase | promoter -240 bp | (GT)n | 16–38 | up | |
| CD30 gene | promoter -400 bp | (CCAT)n | 2–12 | repression | |
| Minisatellites | |||||
| HRAS | 3':1 kb after polyA | 28 bp repeat | 30–84 | up | NF-kappa B |
| Insulin | promoter -596 bp | 14 bp repeat | 40–157 | up | Pur-1 |
| ABO gene | promoter -3.6 kb | 43 bp repeat | 4–6 | up | CBF/NF-Y |
a The direction of transcription regulation is according to elongation of alleles;
b If identified, transcription factors that interact with the micro/minisatellites are mentioned.