Table 1.
Summary of the primate species investigated
| Taxonomy | Spindle cells | N |
|---|---|---|
| Prosimii | ||
| Lemuroidea | ||
| Lemuridae | ||
| Eulemur fulvus | None | 1 |
| Lemur catta | None | 1 |
| Indridae | ||
| Propithecus verreauxi | None | 1 |
| Cheirogaleidae | ||
| Cheirogaleus medius | None | 1 |
| Microcebus murinus | None | 1 |
| Loroidea | ||
| Galagonidae | ||
| Galago senegalensis | None | 1 |
| Galagoides demidoff | None | 1 |
| Lorisidae | ||
| Loris tardigradus | None | 1 |
| Nycticebus coucang | None | 1 |
| Perodicticus potto | None | 1 |
| Tarsioidea | ||
| Tarsiidae | ||
| Tarsius syrichta | None | 1 |
| Anthropoidea | ||
| Ceboidea | ||
| Callithricidae | ||
| Callithrix jacchus | None | 2 |
| Cebidae | ||
| Aotus trivirgatus | None | 2 |
| Cebus apella | None | 4 |
| Saimiri sciureus | None | 1 |
| Cercopithecoidea | ||
| Cercopithecidae | ||
| Macaca fascicularis | None | 8 |
| Macaca fuscata | None | 4 |
| Macaca mulatta | None | 4 |
| Macaca nemestrina | None | 4 |
| Macaca nigra | None | 4 |
| Erythrocebus patas | None | 4 |
| Papio hamadryas cynocephalus | None | 1 |
| Hominoidea | ||
| Hylobatidae | ||
| Hylobates lar | None | 4 |
| Pongidae | ||
| Pongo pygmaeus | Rare | 1 |
| Hominidae | ||
| Gorilla gorilla gorilla | Frequent | 5 |
| Pan troglodytes | Abundant | 8 |
| Pan paniscus | Abundant/clusters | 1 |
| Homo sapiens | Abundant/clusters | 6 |
Taxonomic position of the primate species investigated within their families, superfamilies, and suborders (11). Spindle cells in layer Vb of anterior cingulate cortex area 24 are observed with certainty only among hominoids, in all extant pongid and hominid species (shown in bold). N, number of available specimens in each species.