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Analysis of secreted TGF-β target genes in Smad4-reexpressing pancreatic carcinoma cells. Stable reexpression of Smad4 was established in BxPC3 and Capan1 human pancreatic carcinoma cells through retroviral transduction. Shown are endogenous expression levels of BigH3, fibronectin and PAI-1 in response to TGF-β treatment of, a representative Smad4-deficient control clone and a Smad4-reexpressing clone from both cell lines.
