(a) Heart rate, (b) QT intervals and (c) QTc intervals in anaesthetized rabbits in the ATX study which received phenylephrine in the presence of either E-4031 (1, 3, 10 nmol kg−1 min−1), ATX-II (0.4, 1.2, 4.0 nmol kg−1) or the combination of both drugs. Values are expressed as mean±s.e.mean. *P<0.05 compared to baseline (−10 min), #P<0.05 compared to ATX-II group, one-way ANOVA. At some time points, there are no data or n is less that the stated values due to frequent arrhythmias which prevented accurate measurement of heart rate and ECG intervals. ATX-II, sea anemone toxin.