Table 4. Protective and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in the Finnish population aged over 30 years (the first multivariate model).

Explanatory variable	Estimate	Standard error	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Sex
male	reference
female	−0.22	0.06	0.80	0.71 to 0.91
Age
30 to 45	reference
46 to 60	0.71	0.08	2.03	1.75 to 2.35
61 to 75	1.06	0.09	2.89	2.40 to 3.47
76 to 99	1.26	0.14	3.52	2.70 to 4.59
Area of living
southern	reference
northern	0.19	0.09	1.21	1.01 to 1.46
Education
low	reference
medium	−0.22	0.08	0.81	0.69 to 0.94
high	−0.42	0.09	0.66	0.55 to 0.79
Marital status
alone	reference
with someone	0.08	0.07	1.08	0.95 to 1.24
Exercise
low	reference
medium	−0.45	0.06	0.64	0.57 to 0.73
fitness	−0.68	0.11	0.50	0.41 to 0.63
sports	−1.02	0.32	0.36	0.19 to 0.68
Alcohol use
low	reference
medium	−0.30	0.08	0.74	0.63 to 0.87
high	−0.43	0.10	0.65	0.53 to 0.80
none	0.15	0.11	1.17	0.94 to 1.45
BDI
0 to 9	reference
10 to 18	−0.10	0.08	0.91	0.78 to 1.05
19 to 55	−0.01	0.13	0.99	0.77 to 1.27
GSS
0 to 7	reference
8 to 18	0.44	0.08	1.56	1.32 to 1.84