Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2000 Nov 20;192(10):1491–1500. doi: 10.1084/jem.192.10.1491

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2000 The Rockefeller University Press

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

graphic file with name JEM001230.f4a.jpg — HIV-1–infected LCs are responsible for transmitting high levels of infection to cocultured CD4⁺ T cells. (A, top left) Tissue explants were exposed to two HIV-1 primary isolates, HIV-1_CJI.3 (R5) or HIV-1_CI-8 (R5X4), on the basal epithelial (BE) side or the stratum corneum (SC) side, washed, and then floated in media containing allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. (B) electron micrograph taken from an LC–T cell coculture 7 d after HIV-1_CI-8 exposure of explants showing numerous HIV-1 virions surrounding and budding from a CD4⁺ T cell (×64,000; inset ×440,000). (A, bottom left) Epidermal cell suspensions were made immediately after HIV-1 exposure of epithelial tissue explants to HIV-1_CJI.3, and half of the suspensions were then depleted of LCs by immunomagnetic bead separation. Nondepleted epidermal cells (EC) and LC-depleted epidermal cells (EC-LC) were then cocultured with allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. (A, bottom right) Emigrated LCs were collected from media 2 d after HIV-1_CJI.3 exposure of epithelial tissue explants, and half of the cells were exposed to trypsin treatment and the other half left untreated. Trypsin-treated LCs and untreated LCs were then cocultured with allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. HIV-1 infection levels were assessed by measuring HIV-1 p24 protein content by ELISA in coculture supernatants collected every other day (A, all panels). Data shown are representative of at least three separate experiments that showed similar results.

graphic file with name JEM001230.f4b.jpg — HIV-1–infected LCs are responsible for transmitting high levels of infection to cocultured CD4⁺ T cells. (A, top left) Tissue explants were exposed to two HIV-1 primary isolates, HIV-1_CJI.3 (R5) or HIV-1_CI-8 (R5X4), on the basal epithelial (BE) side or the stratum corneum (SC) side, washed, and then floated in media containing allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. (B) electron micrograph taken from an LC–T cell coculture 7 d after HIV-1_CI-8 exposure of explants showing numerous HIV-1 virions surrounding and budding from a CD4⁺ T cell (×64,000; inset ×440,000). (A, bottom left) Epidermal cell suspensions were made immediately after HIV-1 exposure of epithelial tissue explants to HIV-1_CJI.3, and half of the suspensions were then depleted of LCs by immunomagnetic bead separation. Nondepleted epidermal cells (EC) and LC-depleted epidermal cells (EC-LC) were then cocultured with allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. (A, bottom right) Emigrated LCs were collected from media 2 d after HIV-1_CJI.3 exposure of epithelial tissue explants, and half of the cells were exposed to trypsin treatment and the other half left untreated. Trypsin-treated LCs and untreated LCs were then cocultured with allogeneic CD4⁺ T cells. HIV-1 infection levels were assessed by measuring HIV-1 p24 protein content by ELISA in coculture supernatants collected every other day (A, all panels). Data shown are representative of at least three separate experiments that showed similar results.