Behavioral effects of CB1 receptor mutation. (A) Open-field behavior in CB1−/− mice. Animals (CB1+/+, n = 11; CB1−/−, n = 8) were tested for 40 min in an automated open field. Ambulation counts (mean ± SEM), ambulation time, vertical counts (rearing), and local counts (e.g., grooming, shifting) are presented (Upper). Illustrations of the path of ambulation during such a test are shown for a CB1+/+ (Lower Left) and a CB1−/− (Lower Right) animal. (B) Rotarod performance in CB1−/− mice. The average latency to fall (mean ± SEM) for three 5-min trials (Left) and the fall latencies for each of these three trials (Right) are shown for CB1+/+ (n = 9) and CB1−/− mice (n = 11). An accelerating-beam procedure (4–40 rpm over 5 min) was used. ∗∗, P < 0.01; ∗, P < 0.05.