Retrovirus-mediated expression of D685A Stat6 enhances IL-4–induced growth inhibition of Stat6−/− BMMCs. (A) Stat6−/− BMMCs were infected with retroviruses of pMX-WT Stat6-IRES-GFP, pMX-D685A Stat6-IRES-GFP, or pMX-IRES-GFP, and then cultured with IL-3 alone (left) or IL-3 plus IL-4 (right). The number of live infected BMMCs (GFP+ c-kit+ PI− cells) was determined at days 0, 3, and 7 using a hemocytometer and FACS®. Data are means ± SD for five experiments. *, significantly different from the mean value of pMX-WT Stat6-IRES-GFP infected cells; P < 0.001. (B) WT BMMCs were infected with retroviruses of pMX-673 Stat6-IRES-GFP or pMX-IRES-GFP and then cultured with IL-3 alone (left) or IL-3 plus IL-4 (right). The number of live infected BMMCs was determined as described above. (C) Stat6−/− BMMCs were doubly infected with GFP-labeled retroviruses (either pMX-673 Stat6-IRES-GFP or pMX-IRES-GFP) and Thy1.1-labeled retroviruses (either MSCV-C-Flag D685A Stat6-IRES-Thy1.1 or MSCV-IRES-Thy1.1), and then cultured with IL-3 alone (left) or IL-3 plus IL-4 (right). The number of live doubly infected BMMCs (GFP+ Thy1.1+ PI− cells) was determined at day 0, 3, and 7 using a hemocytometer and FACS®. Data are means ± SD for four experiments. *, Significantly different from the mean value of pMX-IRES-GFP and/or MSCV-C-Flag D685A Stat6-IRES-Thy1.1 infected cells; P < 0.01.