Effects of various growth conditions on fruK expression. Cells were grown at 37°C under anaerobic conditions in various liquid media. The β-galactosidase activities of the fruK-lacZ transcriptional fusion were quantified by using MUG (12). All assays were performed in triplicate, and means and standard deviations are shown. (A) Relationship between growth phase and fruK expression. The biofilm-defective fruK::Tn917-lac mutant was grown in THBYE. Growth and β-galactosidase activity were determined at 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8.5 and 24 h. (B) Effect of growth in TV medium (3) containing various sugars on fruK expression. The fruK::Tn917-lac, fruK/fruR, and fruK/fruI mutant strains were grown at 37°C under anaerobic conditions. MU, 4-methyl-umbelliferone.