Inefficient proliferation and IL-2 production by T cells lacking JNK1. (a–c) Cells from (a) spleen, (b) lymph nodes, or (c) purified splenic T cells, all from 4–8-wk-old Jnk1
+/+ or Jnk1−/− mice, were cultured in the presence of the indicated concentrations of plate-bound anti-CD3ε antibody in the absence or presence of the indicated amounts of anti-CD28 antibody. After 60 h, cells were pulsed for 12 h with 1 μCi [3H]thymidine/well and collected for measurement of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. (d) IL-2 production was measured by ELISA on media collected 24 h after stimulation of purified splenic T cells as described above. (e) Proliferation rates of purified T cells cultured in the presence of 50 U/ml IL-2 plus anti-CD3 and/or anti-CD28 antibodies. Proliferation rates of splenic B cells cultured in medium alone (untreated), or in the presence of either 50 U/ml IL-4 plus 1 μg/ml soluble anti-CD40 or 10 μg/ml LPS. The results are representative of four independent experiments, each using three matched pairs of mice. All assays were conducted in triplicates. Standard deviations are shown as vertical lines.