Table 3.
Conventional multiple logistic regression on asthmatic symptoms associated with indoor and outdoor air pollutants [OR (95% CI)].a
| Cumulative asthma | Wheeze or whistling in the chest | Daytime attacks of breathlessness | Nocturnal attacks of breathlessness | Furry pet or pollen allergy | Respiratory infection | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indoor | ||||||
| SO2b | 1.14 (0.85–1.54) | 1.18 (1.03–1.35)* | 1.07 (0.98–1.16) | 1.28 (1.02–1.59)* | 1.12 (0.92–1.36) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) |
| NO2b | 1.26 (0.80–1.98) | 1.12 (0.91–1.39) | 1.00 (0.80–1.41) | 1.45 (1.00–2.45)* | 1.05 (0.77–1.42) | 0.93 (0.82–1.05) |
| O3b | 1.27 (0.95–1.71) | 1.05 (0.87–1.27) | 1.12 (1.00–1.26) | 1.04 (0.76–1.42) | 1.10 (0.87–1.39) | 0.93 (0.82–1.04) |
| CH2Oc | 0.79 (0.48–1.28) | 1.24 (1.03–1.48)* | 1.04 (0.93–1.16) | 1.40 (1.02–1.92)* | 1.14 (0.89–1.46) | 1.04 (0.96–1.15) |
| Outdoor | ||||||
| SO2d | 0.90 (0.73–1.11) | 1.04 (0.94–1.14) | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 1.02 (0.84–1.23) | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) |
| NO2d | 0.71 (0.50–1.01)) | 1.00 (0.83–1.20) | 0.97 (0.86–1.08) | 1.04 (0.72–1.50) | 0.98 (0.76–1.27) | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) |
| O3d | 0.65 (0.22–1.87) | 0.67 (0.39–1.14) | 0.85 (0.62–1.17) | 0.83 (0.29–2.35) | 0.66 (0.32–1.38) | 0.89(0.66–1.19) |
| CH2Oe | 1.11 (0.59–2.07) | 1.38 (1.03–1.85)* | 1.42 (1.19–1.70)** | 1.72 (0.98–3.03) | 1.17 (0.78–1.74) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
CH2O, formaldehyde.
Each air pollutant variable is included in the model separately, controlling for age, sex, parental asthma or allergy, ETS at home, recent home painting, new floor and new furniture in the preceding 12 months. ORs refer to a step change of 100μg/m3, 10μg/m3, 10μg/m3, and 1 μg/m3 of SO2, NO2, O3, and formaldehyde, respectively. The individual exposure to air pollutants was addressed the same as the classroom level for indoor exposure and the school level for outdoor exposure, respectively.
Applied for available data in 34 classes across 10 schools (n = 1,480).
Applied for available data in 31 classes across 9 schools (n = 1,362).
Applied for available data in 10 schools (n = 1,993).
Applied for available data in 9 schools (n = 1,836).
p < 0.05.
p < 0.001.
For indoor O3 and daytime attacks of breathlessness, p = 0.05.