Figure 3.

Mmm1p maintains a punctate localization in the absence of actin or mtDNA. (A) YAAH1, which expresses Mmm1p-GFP, was grown to early log phase and treated with Latrunculin A (+LatA), or mock treated (−LatA) at 24°C for 30 min. Cells were fixed and stained with Rhodamine-Phalloidin to visualize the actin cytoskeleton. Representative images of cells examined by fluorescence microscopy in the green (GFP) and red (Rh.-Phalloidin) channels are shown. (B) Mmm1p-GFP–expressing strains YAAH1, which contains mtDNA (ρ+) and YAAH2, which lacks mtDNA (ρ°), were stained with 1 μg/ml DAPI to visualize the mtDNA. Although DAPI treatment of living cells preferentially stains mtDNA, low-level staining of nuclear DNA can be seen when images are overexposed or no mtDNA is present. Bars: 2 μm.