Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Measurement of thoracic kyphosis using the constrained and non-constrained Cobb techniques
| Measuring technique | Thoracic kyphosis (±standard deviation) | Mean absolute difference of three observers | Confidence interval (95%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-constrained Cobb | 39.9 ± 12.0° | 4.5° | 2.6°–6.4° |
| Constrained Cobb | 34.7 ± 12.4° | 5.2° | 3.4°–6.9° |
