Refolding kinetics of α-helix formation monitored by stopped-flow CD at 222 nm or 226 nm. Data were fitted to the equations θ = A (1 − e
−kt) + θ(U) or
(
27). (
A) AK16. (
B) AQ28. (
C) Poly(Lys). (
D) Poly(Glu). Data were fitted to the three-state U → I → F mechanism by using
kaleidagraph (Synergy Software, Reading, PA). Parameters fitted: U->I rate constant (
k1), I->F rate constant (
k2), θ
226 (U), θ
226 (I), and θ
226 (F). Errors are SE after
kaleidagraph fitting.