Table 1.
Profiles of the patients studied
| Diagnosis | Number of patients | Gender (male/female) | Age in years (mean ± SD) |
| SLE | 103 | ||
| Diffuse NP-SLE | 52 | 4/48 | 37.8 ± 14.2 |
| Acute confusional state | 20 | ||
| Anxiety disorder | 3 | ||
| Cognitive dysfunction | 10a | ||
| Mood disorder | 12b | ||
| Psychosis | 7 | ||
| Focal NP-SLE | 19 | 2/17 | 39.0 ± 14.8 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6 | ||
| Headache | 2 | ||
| Movement disorder | 1 | ||
| Seizure disorder | 6 | ||
| Polyneuropathy | 4 | ||
| Non-CNS SLE | 32 | 3/29 | 42.7 ± 13.9 |
| Non-SLE control | 24 | 22/2 | 48.0 ± 13.7 |
aOne patient also presented mood disorder. bOne patient also presented cognitive dysfunction. Non-CNS SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus without neuropsychiatric manifestations; NP-SLE, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; SD, standard deviation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.