Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants
| Total (n = 293) | |
| Age when magnetic resonance imaging performed (years) | 58.0 (5.5) |
| Female (n (%)) | 184 (63%) |
| Variables in 1990–1994 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.2 (3.8) |
| Vegetables (times/day) (median (interquartile range)) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) |
| Fruits (times/day) (median (interquartile range)) | 4.0 (2.0–5.0) |
| Energy from dietary intake (kJ/day) | 9,364.9 (3,067.5) |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 218.3 (107.3) |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 8.3 (3.4) |
| Carotenoids | |
| α-Carotene (μg/day) | 1,387.0 (697.3) |
| β-Carotene (μg/day) | 5,821.1 (2,507.0) |
| β-Cryptoxanthin (μg/day) | 421.3 (348.1) |
| Lutein and zeaxanthin (μg/day) | 1,822.5 (908.9) |
| Lycopene (μg/day) | 7,782.6 (5,067.5) |
| Variables in 2003–2004 | |
| Tibial cartilage volume (mm3) | 3,731 (1,118) |
| Presence of any tibiofemoral cartilage defects (n (%)) | 181 (62%) |
| Tibial plateau bone area (mm2) | 3,302 (475) |
| Presence of any tibiofemoral bone marrow lesions (n (%)) | 39 (13%) |
Data presented as the mean (standard deviation), unless stated otherwise.