Table 3.

Avian influenza A outbreaks reported in humans

	United Kingdom 1995 [51]	Hong Kong 1997 [54]	Hong Kong 1999 [52]	The Netherlands 2003 [53]	Canada 2004 [58]	Worldwide (Southeast Asia, Africa, Middle East) 2003 to present [57,65,66,68]
Influenza A subtype	H7N7	H5N1	H9N2	H7N7	H7N3	H5N1
Source of infection	Poultry	Poultry and waterfowl	Poultry	Poultry	Poultry	Poultry and waterfowl
Clinical presentation	Conjunctivitis	Conjunctivitis and ILI	ILI	Conjunctivitis, pneumonia, ILI	Conjunctivitis, ILI	Conjunctivitis, ILI, pneumonia, multi-organ failure
Number of human cases	1	18	2	89	2	256
Number of fatalities (percent)	0 (0)	6 (33)	0 (0)	1 (1)	0 (0)	151 (59)

H, hemagglutinin; ILI, influenza like illness; N, neuroaminidase.